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Timeline / Defining Rights and Responsibilities / 1920: Wounded Knee survivor dies of influenza, syphilis

1920: Wounded Knee survivor dies of influenza, syphilis

Zinkala Nuni, Lakota, who survived the Wounded Knee Massacre as a baby, dies at age 29 from influenza, with complications from syphilis. Dr. Charles Eastman, Dakota, found her three days after the 1890 massacre, in which her mother was killed. U.S. Army General Leonard Wright Colby and his wife, Clara, took her into their home, where historians report she was abused by Colby.

Theme
Epidemics
Region
Great Plains

Zinkala Nuni as a baby, being held by U.S. Army General Leonard Wright Colby, ca. 1890

Courtesy National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution