ver the coming weeks,
PubMed will be revised to reflect the National Library of
Medicine's (NLM's) changes to MEDLINE. [Editor's note: these changes were implemented
on June 5, 2003]. A description of these changes as they
will work follows. Complete information will be available in
PubMed's
Help.
Corporate Author (CN)
This field identifies the corporate authorship of an article.
Corporate Author was introduced in April 2001 (as Corporate
Name), but was displayed only in Abstract, Citation, and
MEDLINE® formats. If
present, it now appears in display formats after a semi-colon
following the author names, or, if there are no author names, in
that part of the citation.
- Sample display in Summary format:
- Cono J, Casey CG, Bell DM; Centers for Disease Control
- and Prevention.
- This field displays on the MEDLINE format with the CN field
tag:
- CN - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Corporate names display exactly as they appear in the journal,
i.e., NLM does not edit the names to standardize them or
translate them into English (except to remove initial articles,
i.e., The, An, A).
This field is searchable using the [CN] search tag with the
whole name or with individual words from the name.
- Sample searches:
- american dental association [cn]
- american [cn] AND dental [cn] AND association [cn]
Note: Citations indexed pre-2000 and some citations indexed in
2000-2001 retain corporate authors at the end of the title field.
For comprehensive searches, consider including terms and/or words
searched in the title field.
- Sample search:
- american dental association [cn] OR american dental
association [ti]
Status Tag
A new status tag, [PubMed] will identify citations that will not
receive MEDLINE indexing, either because the articles are out of
scope or because they are from issues of MEDLINE journals
published prior to the date the journal was selected for
indexing. The possible status tags on PubMed citations are:
- [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
- [PubMed - in process]
- [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
- [PubMed]
Ahead of Print
The date a citation was published electronically in advance of
the printed publication is retained on citations if publishers
provide NLM with this information.
Sample:
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Apr 1;100(7):3925-9. Epub 2003 Mar
24.
Comments/Corrections Added to Summary
Format
The following information that has been available on the Abstract
and Citation formats now appears on the Summary format also:
- Corrected and republished in:
- Erratum in:
- Retraction in:
- Summary for patients in:
- Update in:
In some cases, this data links to the respective record in
PubMed. For more information about Comment/Corrections, please
see the article,
PubMed/MEDLINE Available with 2002 MeSH and Two Changes.
The Publication Type, Retracted Publication, no longer appears
on the Summary display.
Comments/Corrections data can be retrieved as follows:
Comment
Correction Type: |
Search
as: |
Comment
in: |
hascommentin |
Comment
on: |
hascommenton
|
Erratum
in: |
haserratumin |
Erratum
for: |
haserratumfor |
Corrected and republished in: |
hasrepublishedin
|
Corrected and republished from: |
hasrepublishedfrom
|
Retraction in: |
hasretractionin
|
Retraction of: |
hasretractionof
|
Update
in: |
hasupdatein
|
Update
of: |
hasupdateof
|
Summary
for patients in: |
hassummaryforpatientsin
|
Original Report in: |
hasoriginalreportin
|
These can be searched alone or incorporated into a search:
- hiv hasretractionin
Place of Publication (PL)
This field was formerly called Country of Publication (CY). It
displays on the MEDLINE format with the PL field tag:
- PL - Nigeria
The Place of Publication for a citation indicates the cited
journal's country of publication. We had expected this field to
be searchable last year, but it was not possible until this year.
The search tag is [PL].
- Sample search:
- aids AND nigeria [pl]
Note:
- Geographic Place of Publication regions are not searchable.
In order to retrieve records for all countries in a region (e.g.,
North America) it is necessary to OR together the countries of
interest.
- This field is not included in All Fields or Text Word
retrieval, so be sure to use the [PL] search tag.
- See the article, Changes to PubMed for
2001 in the January-February 2001 issue of the NLM
Technical Bulletin for more information about this
field.
Grant Number (GR)
Grant and contract numbers used to display in the Identification
Number (ID) field on the MEDLINE format and were searched using
the Affiliation [AD] tag. This data now has its own field (GR)
and can be searched with the [GR] search tag.
- Sample search:
- lm05545/lm/nlm [gr]
The three pieces of an NIH grant number, i.e., number,
acronym, and institute mnemonic, are each individually searchable
using the [GR] tag.
- Sample search:
- nlm [gr]
NLM Unique ID (JID)
This field contains a 7- or 9-alpha-numeric identifier for the
cited journal that was assigned by NLM's Integrated Library
System (accessible using LocatorPlus). It was added last year
to display on the MEDLINE format with the JID field tag:
- JID - 0375267
This field is searchable. The search tag is [JID].
- Sample search:
- > 0375267 [jid]
Full Personal Name as Subject (FPS)
This field contains the full name of the subject of the article
for citations with a date of publication beginning with 2002. It
is associated with the Personal Name as Subject (PS) field. See
the article, PubMed®/MEDLINE® Available with 2002 MeSH and Two
Changes in the January-February 2002 issue of the NLM
Technical Bulletin for information on full names.
This field displays on the MEDLINE format with the FPS field
tag:
- FPS - Watson, James
This field is not searchable.
General Note (GN)
The General Note field contains supplemental or descriptive
information related to the document (such as how to locate it).
The data in this field may be preceded by the acronym for the
collaborator who has provided this information. The list of
acronyms and names follows:
Acronym |
Organization
Name |
HMD |
History
of Medicine Division, NLM |
HSR |
National Information Center on Health Services Research and
Health Care Technology, NLM |
KIE |
Kennedy
Institute of Ethics, Georgetown University |
NASA |
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
|
PIP |
Population Information Program, Johns Hopkins School of
Health |
The field displays on the MEDLINE format with the GN field
tag:
- GN - KIE: Article and commentaries
This field is not searchable.
Investigator (IR) and Full Investigator
(FIR)
These fields contain names of interest to users of the former SPACELINE
TM database. The name identifies
the NASA-funded principal investigator(s) who conducted the
research. This field is associated with the Investigator
Affiliation [IRAD] field (see below). These Investigators' names
display on the MEDLINE format with the IR field tag and in the
full name format with the FIR tag (see the article, PubMed®/MEDLINE® Available with 2002 MeSH and Two
Changes in the January-February 2002 issue of the NLM
Technical Bulletin for information on full names):
- IR- Arrhenius G
- FIR - Arrhenius, G
The IR field is searchable. Names should be entered following
the author format, with the search tag, [IR].
- Sample search:
- arrhenius g [ir]
The FIR field is not searchable.
Investigator Affiliation (IRAD)
This field contains data of interest to users of the former
SPACELINE database and is associated with the Investigator field
(above). It identifies NASA-supplied information about the
affiliation of the Investigator.
This field displays after the IR field in the MEDLINE formats
with the IRAD field tag:
-
IRAD - U WI, Madison
This field is not searchable.
Other Term (OT)
The Other Term field contains largely non-MeSH subject terms
(previously referred to as Keywords) assigned by an organization
identified by the Other Term Owner (OTO) field (see below). This
information is present on a small percentage of citations in the
database.
Other Terms will display after the OTO field on the MEDLINE
format with the OT field tag. The Other Term data may be marked
with an asterisk to indicate a major concept. (Asterisks are for
display only. You cannot search Other Terms with a major concept
tag.)
This field displays on the MEDLINE format with the OT field
tag:
- OT - Legal Approach
The OT field is searchable with the Text Word [TW] and Other
Term [OT] search tags.
- Sample search:
- legal approach [ot]
-
Other Term Owner (OTO)
The Other Term Owner is an acronym that precedes the Other Term
list (see above). It identifies the organization that provided
the Other Term data. The list of Other Term Owner acronyms and
the respective organizations follows:
Acronym |
Organization
Name |
KIE |
Kennedy
Institute of Ethics, Georgetown University |
NASA |
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
|
PIP |
Population Information Program, Johns Hopkins School of
Health |
This field displays on the MEDLINE format with the OTO field
tag:
- OTO - NASA
This field is not searchable.
Other Abstract (OAB)
The Other Abstract field contains an abstract supplied by the NLM
collaborating organization that provided the citation data. The
abstract is not written by the author(s) of the article. The
acronym for the collaborating organization appears at the start
of the field. The list of acronyms and collaborating
organizations follows:
Acronym |
Organization
Name |
AAMC |
American Association of Medical Colleges |
AIDS |
not an
organization; general label used to represent abstracts written
by someone other than the author |
KIE |
Kennedy
Institute of Ethics, Georgetown University |
NASA |
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
|
PIP |
Population Information Program, Johns Hopkins School of
Health |
This field displays on the Abstract, Citation, and MEDLINE
(field tag OAB) formats. This field is associated with the Other
Copyright Information field (OCI), which displays beneath
OAB.
Sample MEDLINE display:
OAB - NASA: The purpose of this review is to delineate the
ubiquitous and pivotal role of Ca2+ in diverse physiological
processes. Emphasis will be given to the role of Ca2+ in
stimulus-response coupling. In addition to reviewing the present
status of research, our intention is to critically evaluate the
existing data and describe the newly developing areas of Ca2+
research in plants.
The text of this field is searchable with the Text Word [TW]
and Title/Abstract [TIAB] search tags.
Other Copyright Information (OCI)
This field identifies the copyright owner. It appears on some
records created by a collaborating producer if that producer has
written the abstract. The information for this field displays at
the end of the Other Abstract on the Abstract and Citation
formats, and on the MEDLINE format with the OCI field tag:
- OCI - NASA Edited
-
This field is not searchable.
Other ID (OID)
This field contains identification numbers provided by various
organizations or entities supplying citation data for MEDLINE.
The ID number will contain an acronym for the organization. A
list of these along with names they represent follows:
Acronym |
Organization
Name |
ARPL |
Annual
Review of Population Law |
CPC |
Carolina Population Center |
CPFH |
Center
for Population and Family Health Library/Information Program |
IND |
Population Index |
KIE |
Kennedy
Institute of Ethics, Georgetown University |
NASA |
National Aeronautics and Space Administration |
NRCBL |
National Reference Center for Biomedical Literature |
PIP |
Population Information Program, Johns Hopkins School of
Health |
POP |
former
NLM POPLINE
® database |
This field displays on the MEDLINE format with the OID field
tag:
-
OID - KIE: 30206
- OID - NRCBL: 18.2
This field is not searchable.
Space Flight Mission (SFM)
This field contains NASA-supplied data of interest to users of
the former SPACELINE database. It is the space flight/mission
name and/or number when results of research conducted in space
are covered in the cited publication. View a complete list
of Space Flight Missions and their associated values:
manned/unmanned; short/long duration.
This field displays in the MEDLINE format with the SFM field
tag:
- SFM - Flight Experiment
- SFM - Mir Project
- SFM - long duration
- SFM - manned
This field is searchable with Text Word [TW] and Other Term
[OT] search tags.
- Sample search:
- mir project [ot]
Owner (OWN)
This field is intended for NLM use. It contains an acronym and
identifies the organization that supplied the citation data for
MEDLINE. A list of acronyms with the organization they represent
follows:
Acronym |
Organization
Name |
HMD |
History
of Medicine Division, National Library of Medicine
|
HSR |
National Information Center on Health Services Research and
Health Care Technology, National Library of Medicine
|
KIE |
Kennedy
Institute of Ethics, Georgetown University |
NASA |
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
|
NLM |
National Library of Medicine |
PIP |
Population Information Program, Johns Hopkins School of
Health |
This field displays on the MEDLINE format with the OWN field
tag:
- OWN - NASA
This field is searchable using "owner" + the owner
acronym.
-
Sample search:
- ownernasa
Status (STAT)
This field contains information used by NLM for maintenance and
testing and is intended for NLM use only.
Notice of previous change:
The MEDLINE Unique Identifier (UI) and Subset (SB) field were
removed from citations with the status of "PubMed - as supplied
by publisher."
Data in XML Format
All fields, including these new fields, are included in PubMed's
XML format. PubMed's XML output conforms to several DTDs.
Descriptions of the MEDLINE
XML Elements may be of interest to users of the XML
format.
By Annette M. Nahin
MEDLARS Management Section
Nahin AM. Changes to PubMed® for 2003. NLM Tech Bull. 2003
Mar-Apr;(331):e14.
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