ExhibitionBoundary Crossing / 1931
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3. Interior of incubator with three perfusion pumps…, 1938
Interior of incubator with three perfusion pumps in operation from The Culture of Organs, 1938
Authors: Alexis Carrel (1873–1944) and Charles A. Lindbergh (1902–1974)
Courtesy National Library of Medicine
Scientist Alexis Carrel devised a fluid rich in nutrients that was capable of sustaining the cells of organs. However, Carrel did not have the technology to perfuse the cells in the fluid. Aviator Charles Lindberg collaborated with Carrel and created a glass apparatus that could bathe the organs in the fluid.